The Holy Qur’an:
Surah Al An’am
(Verse 159)
A well known scholar:
“Surely, those who have made divisions in the irreligion and turned into factions, you have nothing to do with them. Their case rests with Allah alone; then He will tell them what they have been doing. [I591
From his Commentary:
“This Verse carries a general address included wherein are the Disbelievers of Arabia, the Jews and Christians and Muslims, all of them. Addressing them, stated there is the sad end of those who turn away from the straight path of Allah and the instruction given to the Holy Prophet SAWS is that he should have nothing to do with those who take to the ways of error. Then, out of these, there are those Ways of error which take one in a direction totally opposite to what the straight path is, such as the ways of the disbelievers, polytheists and the people of the Book.
Then, there are other ways too, which do not, though,take one all the way in the opposite direction, but misguide them any way by pulling them away from the straight path and putting them on ways to the rightand left. These are ways of 'doubts' and 'innovations' in the true and settled faith(Shubhii and Bid'ii).
They too lead one astray.
So, it was said: (Surely, those who have made divisions in their religion and turned into factions, you have nothing to do with them. Their case rests with Allah alone; then He will tell them what they have been doing).
In this verse, made clear first was that the Messenger of Allah was free of any responsibility concerning those who land themselves into the ways of error. The noble Prophet, may the blessings of Allah, and
Peace be upon him, had nothing to do with them. Then,they were given the notice of warning that their case was, sufficient to say,in the hands of Allah Ta'la, and it was He who would punish them on the day of Qiyamah”.
The Holy Prophet (saws) has said:
“The Bani Isra'il had split into seventy two sects. My Ummah will break up into seventy three sects - all of them will go to Hell, except one. The Sahabah asked about the group which would be soblessed with salvation. He (Saws) said:’(ma ana 'alaihi wa ashabihi)”
It is this narration from Sayyidna ibn 'Umar (RA), has been reported by Tirmidhi and Abu Dawud
According to Tafsir Mazhari, 'Jama'ah' in this Hadithmeans 'the Jama'ah of Sahaba' that is, the collective body or group of thenoble Companions of the Holy Prophet Saws. The reason is thatAllah Ta'ala sent our master, Muhammad al-Mustafa saws asHis Rasul and gave him the Qur'an, and blessed him with another(kind of) Wahy (revelation) - which is called the Hadith orSunnah. Then, there are many difficult or brief or ambiguous verses in theQur'an. For theirTafsir or explanation, Allah Ta'ala promised that Heshall have these clarified through His Rasul.
So, the Holy Prophet saws explained the difficulties and ambiguities of the Qur'an and groomed his direct disciples, that is, the Sahabah into the many modes of his Sunnah through his word and deed. Therefore, the conduct of the Sahabah as a major collective entity is in itself the statement and the explanation of the Divinely-ordained Shari'ah of Islam.
Therefore, it is the good fortune of a Muslim that he or she should follow the Kitab of Allah and the Sunnah of the Rasa of Allah – and whenever one faces a doubt in the meaning of an 'Ayah of the Qur'an or the sense of a Hadiith, one should go by the meaning and sense preferred by the noble Sahabah.
Unfortunately, as a result of people ignoring this sacrosanct rule of conduct, Islam had to see the emergence of different sectswhich would set aside the proven conduct and explanations of the Sahabah and take the liberty of saying what they wished and declare it to be the very meaning of the Qur'an and Sunnah. These are the ways of error the Holy Qur'an has repeatedly warned against and the Holy Prophet (swas) has emphatically prohibited it throughout his blessed life, at times, even castigated those acting against this rule with curse.
Imam Ibn Kathir(Rah) wrote:
Allah says;
“Verily, those who divide their religion and break up into sects,you have no concern with them in the least.”
Mujahid, Qatadah, Ad-Dahhak and As-Suddi said that; this Ayah was revealed about the Jews and
Christians.
Al-Awfi said that Ibn Abbas commented, (Verily, those who divide their religion and
break up into sects...),
"Before Muhammad SAWS was sent, the Jews and Christians disputed and divided into sects. When Muhammad SAWS was sent, Allah revealed to him
(Verily,those who divide their religion and break up into sects, you have no concern with them in the least).
It is apparent that this Ayah refers to all those who defy the religion of Allah,or revert from it. Allah sent His Messenger with guidance and the religion of truth so that He makes it victorious and dominant above all religions. His Law is one and does not contain any contradiction or incongruity. Therefore, those who dispute in the religion, (...and break up into sects), religious sects, just like those who follow the various sects, desires and misguidance - then Allah has purified His Messenger from their ways.
In a similar Ayah, Allah said,
He (Allah) has ordained for you the same religion which He ordained for Nuh, and that which We have revealed to you. (42:13)
A Hadith reads,
“We, the Prophets, are half brothers but have one religion. This,indeed, is the straight path which the Messengers have brought and which commands worshipping Allah alone without partners and adhering to the Law of the last Messenger whom Allah sent. All other paths are types of misguidance, ignorance, sheer opinion and desires; and as such, the Messengers are free from them.
Allah said here, (You have no concern with them in the least...).
Allah's statement,
(Their affair is only with Allah, Who then will tell them what they used to do.) is similar to His statement, Verily, those who believe, and those who are Jews, and the Sabians, and the Christians, and the Majus, and those who worship others besides Allah; truly, Allah will judge between them on the Day of Resurrection. (22:17).
Surah Al An’am
(Verse 159)
A well known scholar:
“Surely, those who have made divisions in the irreligion and turned into factions, you have nothing to do with them. Their case rests with Allah alone; then He will tell them what they have been doing. [I591
From his Commentary:
“This Verse carries a general address included wherein are the Disbelievers of Arabia, the Jews and Christians and Muslims, all of them. Addressing them, stated there is the sad end of those who turn away from the straight path of Allah and the instruction given to the Holy Prophet SAWS is that he should have nothing to do with those who take to the ways of error. Then, out of these, there are those Ways of error which take one in a direction totally opposite to what the straight path is, such as the ways of the disbelievers, polytheists and the people of the Book.
Then, there are other ways too, which do not, though,take one all the way in the opposite direction, but misguide them any way by pulling them away from the straight path and putting them on ways to the rightand left. These are ways of 'doubts' and 'innovations' in the true and settled faith(Shubhii and Bid'ii).
They too lead one astray.
So, it was said: (Surely, those who have made divisions in their religion and turned into factions, you have nothing to do with them. Their case rests with Allah alone; then He will tell them what they have been doing).
In this verse, made clear first was that the Messenger of Allah was free of any responsibility concerning those who land themselves into the ways of error. The noble Prophet, may the blessings of Allah, and
Peace be upon him, had nothing to do with them. Then,they were given the notice of warning that their case was, sufficient to say,in the hands of Allah Ta'la, and it was He who would punish them on the day of Qiyamah”.
The Holy Prophet (saws) has said:
“The Bani Isra'il had split into seventy two sects. My Ummah will break up into seventy three sects - all of them will go to Hell, except one. The Sahabah asked about the group which would be soblessed with salvation. He (Saws) said:’(ma ana 'alaihi wa ashabihi)”
It is this narration from Sayyidna ibn 'Umar (RA), has been reported by Tirmidhi and Abu Dawud
According to Tafsir Mazhari, 'Jama'ah' in this Hadithmeans 'the Jama'ah of Sahaba' that is, the collective body or group of thenoble Companions of the Holy Prophet Saws. The reason is thatAllah Ta'ala sent our master, Muhammad al-Mustafa saws asHis Rasul and gave him the Qur'an, and blessed him with another(kind of) Wahy (revelation) - which is called the Hadith orSunnah. Then, there are many difficult or brief or ambiguous verses in theQur'an. For theirTafsir or explanation, Allah Ta'ala promised that Heshall have these clarified through His Rasul.
So, the Holy Prophet saws explained the difficulties and ambiguities of the Qur'an and groomed his direct disciples, that is, the Sahabah into the many modes of his Sunnah through his word and deed. Therefore, the conduct of the Sahabah as a major collective entity is in itself the statement and the explanation of the Divinely-ordained Shari'ah of Islam.
Therefore, it is the good fortune of a Muslim that he or she should follow the Kitab of Allah and the Sunnah of the Rasa of Allah – and whenever one faces a doubt in the meaning of an 'Ayah of the Qur'an or the sense of a Hadiith, one should go by the meaning and sense preferred by the noble Sahabah.
Unfortunately, as a result of people ignoring this sacrosanct rule of conduct, Islam had to see the emergence of different sectswhich would set aside the proven conduct and explanations of the Sahabah and take the liberty of saying what they wished and declare it to be the very meaning of the Qur'an and Sunnah. These are the ways of error the Holy Qur'an has repeatedly warned against and the Holy Prophet (swas) has emphatically prohibited it throughout his blessed life, at times, even castigated those acting against this rule with curse.
Imam Ibn Kathir(Rah) wrote:
Allah says;
“Verily, those who divide their religion and break up into sects,you have no concern with them in the least.”
Mujahid, Qatadah, Ad-Dahhak and As-Suddi said that; this Ayah was revealed about the Jews and
Christians.
Al-Awfi said that Ibn Abbas commented, (Verily, those who divide their religion and
break up into sects...),
"Before Muhammad SAWS was sent, the Jews and Christians disputed and divided into sects. When Muhammad SAWS was sent, Allah revealed to him
(Verily,those who divide their religion and break up into sects, you have no concern with them in the least).
It is apparent that this Ayah refers to all those who defy the religion of Allah,or revert from it. Allah sent His Messenger with guidance and the religion of truth so that He makes it victorious and dominant above all religions. His Law is one and does not contain any contradiction or incongruity. Therefore, those who dispute in the religion, (...and break up into sects), religious sects, just like those who follow the various sects, desires and misguidance - then Allah has purified His Messenger from their ways.
In a similar Ayah, Allah said,
He (Allah) has ordained for you the same religion which He ordained for Nuh, and that which We have revealed to you. (42:13)
A Hadith reads,
“We, the Prophets, are half brothers but have one religion. This,indeed, is the straight path which the Messengers have brought and which commands worshipping Allah alone without partners and adhering to the Law of the last Messenger whom Allah sent. All other paths are types of misguidance, ignorance, sheer opinion and desires; and as such, the Messengers are free from them.
Allah said here, (You have no concern with them in the least...).
Allah's statement,
(Their affair is only with Allah, Who then will tell them what they used to do.) is similar to His statement, Verily, those who believe, and those who are Jews, and the Sabians, and the Christians, and the Majus, and those who worship others besides Allah; truly, Allah will judge between them on the Day of Resurrection. (22:17).
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